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Your Canadian credit file does not transfer, which is the single biggest difference and the reason down payments are larger.
| Down payment | Commonly 20% to 30%, higher than a domestic purchase, because the lender is underwriting a foreign borrower. |
| Credit history | Canadian credit reports generally do not transfer. Some cross border lenders will consider them; others require a US file first. |
| Lender options | Cross border lenders, and some Canadian banks with US operations. Local US lenders rarely accommodate non-residents. |
| Currency | The mortgage is in US dollars. Exchange movement affects your effective payment every month. |
The central obstacle. A Canadian credit file does not produce a US score, and most US lenders underwrite to a score.
Two routes exist:
Cross-border lending from a Canadian institution. Several Canadian banks lend on US property for existing clients, using Canadian credit and income. Simpler, and typically limited to certain states and property types.
A US lender with a foreign national program. Larger down payment, higher rate, and documentation of income and assets from Canada. More flexible on property, more work to arrange.
Currency risk is ongoing, not one-time. Every payment is in US dollars against Canadian income. A ten percent move changes your carrying cost by ten percent for the life of the loan.
Rental income is reportable in both countries. The treaty prevents double taxation but not the filing obligation.
US estate tax can apply to US real property held by Canadians above certain thresholds. This catches people, and it is worth cross-border tax advice before purchase rather than after.
Substantial presence. Spending enough days in the US can create US tax residency. Track the days.
Yes, either through a Canadian bank's cross-border program or a US lender's foreign national program.
Not for cross-border programs using Canadian credit. Most direct US lenders want a US score.
More than a domestic US buyer, and the requirement differs by route and lender.
It is reportable in both. The treaty prevents double taxation, and cross-border tax advice is worth having before purchase.